This Ph.D. dissertation sheds light on the crucial worldwide problem of violence against women calling up the interest of economists, sociologists, and politicians in recent decades. Despite the politicians and organizations fighting for gender equality, the official statistics provide a clear picture of this global tragedy. According to the World Health Organization, violence affects about 1 in 3 women around the world. In this thesis, I try to understand the trends of the scientific world publications on violence against women and expand the existing literature by considering new evidence on this problem. In particular, I find the effect of women’s political leadership in local government on homicides and violence against women in Brazil. The presence of a female mayor in Brazilian municipalities is associated with a sizable reduction in femicide and violence against women over the 4-year term: a 17% to 22% reduction in femicide and a 30% to 40% reduction in all the other measures of violence against women (physical violence, psychological violence, sexual violence, and sexual harassment). I also contribute to expanding the literature concerning the problem of domestic violence in Italy and advance the literature on the effects of COVID-19 on domestic violence, by extending the analysis to the later months of the pandemic. I show that the effect of the lockdown restrictions in the red zone affects domestic abuse. This effect is stronger during the initial shock period, in particular in the first two weeks following the Decree-law on November 4, 2020, which divided Italy into 4 zones (red, orange, yellow, and white), corresponding to risk scenarios of the spread of Covid-19.

La presente tesi fa luce sul problema, cruciale e vissuto in tutto il mondo, della violenza contro le donne, richiamando l'interesse di economisti, sociologi e politici negli ultimi decenni. Malgrado l’impegno di politici e organizzazioni per l'uguaglianza di genere, le statistiche ufficiali forniscono un quadro chiaro di questa tragedia globale. Secondo l'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità, la violenza colpisce circa una donna su tre in tutto il mondo. In questa tesi, cerco di comprendere gli indirizzi delle pubblicazioni del mondo scientifico sulla violenza contro le donne e ampliare la letteratura esistente considerando le nuove prove su questo problema. In particolare, individuo l'effetto della leadership politica delle donne nel governo locale sugli omicidi e la violenza contro le donne in Brasile. La presenza di un sindaco donna nei comuni brasiliani è associata a una considerevole riduzione dei femminicidi e della violenza contro le donne nel corso del mandato quadriennale: una riduzione del 17% - 22% dei femminicidi e una riduzione del 30% - 40% in tutte le altre misure della violenza contro le donne (violenza fisica, violenza psicologica, violenza sessuale e molestie sessuali). Contribuisco, inoltre, ad ampliare la letteratura sul problema della violenza domestica in Italia e porto avanti la letteratura sugli effetti del COVID-19 sulla violenza domestica, estendendo l'analisi agli ultimi mesi della pandemia. Illustro che l’imposizione del lockdown nella zona rossa influisce sugli abusi domestici. Tale effetto è più evidente durante il periodo di shock iniziale, in particolare nelle prime due settimane successive al Decreto-legge 4 novembre 2020 di suddivisione dell'Italia in 4 zone (rossa, arancione, gialla e bianca), corrispondenti a scenari di rischio di diffusione Covid-19.

(2023). Saggi sulla Violenza sulle Donne . Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10446/250132 Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.13122/bochenkova-alena_phd2023-07-19

Saggi sulla Violenza sulle Donne

BOCHENKOVA, Alena
2023-07-19

Abstract

This Ph.D. dissertation sheds light on the crucial worldwide problem of violence against women calling up the interest of economists, sociologists, and politicians in recent decades. Despite the politicians and organizations fighting for gender equality, the official statistics provide a clear picture of this global tragedy. According to the World Health Organization, violence affects about 1 in 3 women around the world. In this thesis, I try to understand the trends of the scientific world publications on violence against women and expand the existing literature by considering new evidence on this problem. In particular, I find the effect of women’s political leadership in local government on homicides and violence against women in Brazil. The presence of a female mayor in Brazilian municipalities is associated with a sizable reduction in femicide and violence against women over the 4-year term: a 17% to 22% reduction in femicide and a 30% to 40% reduction in all the other measures of violence against women (physical violence, psychological violence, sexual violence, and sexual harassment). I also contribute to expanding the literature concerning the problem of domestic violence in Italy and advance the literature on the effects of COVID-19 on domestic violence, by extending the analysis to the later months of the pandemic. I show that the effect of the lockdown restrictions in the red zone affects domestic abuse. This effect is stronger during the initial shock period, in particular in the first two weeks following the Decree-law on November 4, 2020, which divided Italy into 4 zones (red, orange, yellow, and white), corresponding to risk scenarios of the spread of Covid-19.
19-lug-2023
35
2021/2022
APPLIED ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT (AEM)
GALLETTA, Sergio
Bochenkova, Alena
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