Collaborative product-service systems engineering: Towards an active role of customers and stakeholders in value co-creation

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of how customers and other stakeholders can be involved in value co-creation activities in a collaborative Product-Service System (PSS) design and engineering process, and which of the existing engagement methods in the body of knowledge can be adopted in order to achieve their active participation in value co-creation. Furthermore, the paper aims to contribute to the evolution of PSS design and engineering approaches from customer-centric ones to a stakeholder centric co-creation perspective.