The Judiciary in the Polish Constitution of 1921 and in Its Historical Precedents in the Light of Primary Sources and the Western European Literature

The history of public and constitutional law in Poland has known multiple influences, which derive from the circulation of French, German, Austrian, Russian, and Hungarian legal models. This is also relevant for the specific sector of the administration of justice. In this context, the peculiarities of the judiciary as regulated in the Polish Constitution of 1921 marked an important step in affirming the principle of the separation of powers and the independence of the judiciary not only in Poland but throughout Europe.