Integrity Assessment Strategies for the Energy-Efficient Components, Structures and Systems

The urgent need to combat global warming and environmental pollution underscores the importance of developing energy-efficient systems that effectively reduce emissions. One of the possible strategies for achieving energy efficiency consists in diminishing the mass of mechanical systems since mass reduction implies decreased inertia, lower fuel and energy consumption, and enhanced transportation capabilities, particularly in industries such as aerospace, nautical, and automotive. The key design principle must involve the use of lightweight materials in optimized structures, manufactured through suitable methods like additive manufacturing. Design activity must be conducted with a focus on ensuring structural integrity and durability of systems under various loading and environmental conditions. This article introduces a pivotal method that includes mathematical modelling, numerical simulation and experimental verification. Based on these three approaches, it aims to provide a comprehensive assessment framework for ensuring the integrity and durability of energy-efficient systems, covering topics such as fatigue, impact damage, coating deposition effects, and material selection. The advantages of using metamaterials are presented. Real-world case studies are examined to offer practical strategies for researchers and engineers engaged in the design and assessment of energy-efficient components, structures, and systems, contributing to a sustainable future.