Artificial Pancreas under stable pulsatile Model Predictive Control: including the Physical Activity effect

This study presents the application of a pulsatile Zone Model Predictive Control (pZMPC) aimed at controlling blood glucose concentration in individuals affected by Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), considering physical activity effects, i.e. one of the main critical aspects of the disease. The glycemic control relies on a physiological individualized long-term model. Leveraging this model, the algorithm performs prediction and estimation of the patient's future states, employing a disturbance observer to compensate for plant-model mismatches. The efficacy of this approach is evaluated in a cohort of in-silico patients from the FDA-approved UVA/Padova simulator.