Le nuove frontiere del rilievo 3D: la rivoluzione silente dell’Intelligenza Artificiale

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an interdisciplinary field rooted in both humanistic and technical-scientific traditions, spanning philosophy, psychology, mathematics, computer science, and engineering. From early reflections on reasoning and the mechanical devices of Schickard, Pascal, and Leibniz, to Babbage’s programmable machine and Turing’s theories, AI has evolved into a discipline formally defined at the Dartmouth Conference in 1956. Today, it permeates daily life while remaining dynamic and partly unexplored. In the Science of Drawing and 3D Surveying, AI is transforming workflows by integrating machine learning and deep learning into digital photogrammetry and laser scanning. These algorithms enhance image quality, automate feature recognition, accelerate reconstruction, and support scan-to-BIM processes. Although data acquisition still requires human expertise, UAV-based automation, neural radiance fields, and advanced point cloud analysis reveal a silent but profound shift. AI thus improves precision, speed, and functionality, anticipating future scenarios of autonomous documentation and conservation of built heritage.