Towards Effective Implementation of Digital Product Passports: Stakeholders Involved and Data Requirements

In recent years, the concept of the Digital Product Passport (DPP) has become increasingly important, particularly for enabling traceability and sustainability along the value chain. This study examines the role of the stakeholders involved in the DPP and the information to be included, based on a systematic literature review and an analysis of major European projects on the topic. The objective is to provide a clear overview of the stakeholders who could be involved and the relevant information that could be included, identifying any gaps to be addressed for an effective implementation of the DPP in the manufacturing context. The results of the analysis highlight that, despite the initiatives to regulate the DPP, significant open issues persist, such as defining the roles for the involved parties and optimizing the information to facilitate the creation of value-added services. Finally, the concept of the Digital Product Service System Passport (DPSSP) has been introduced, an extension of the DPP designed to support smart and personalized services.