A reference framework for Supplier 4.0 development programs: a Delphi study

In the Global Manufacturing sector, the evolving dynamics and prospects of Digital Supply Chains (DSCs) are revolutionising the way Supply Chain (SC) actors operate and collaborate, requiring suppliers to embark on a digital transformation journey to build Digital Capabilities (DCs). Yet, current Supplier Development Programs (SDPs) have limited focus on building DCs for the next generation of suppliers, referred to here as ‘Suppliers 4.0’. This research presents a Reference Framework designed to support the creation and management of Supplier 4.0 Development Programs (S4.0DPs) that contribute to the digitalisation and digital integration of SCs through the digitalisation of their actors. The proposed S4.0DPs Reference Framework was validated using a two-round Delphi study that included international experts from industry and academia. This research contributes to the systematisation of the knowledge needed to support the Digital Transformation of SCs and their actors, aligning the interests of the focal company and its supplier base.