La proliferazione degli Ombudsmen negli ordinamenti nordeuropei e il controllo dell'amministrazione: profili di tutela del diritto oggettivo nazionale e dei diritti soggettivi dei cittadini

This paper examines the institution and role of the Ombudsman in the legal systems of the Nordic States, from its initial stage in Sweden at the beginning of the 19th century, as well as some earlier precedents, in certain ways similar to the civic defender, that can be found in comparative law. From Scandinavia, the institute in question spread to numerous countries, at times undergoing significant modifications to its original distinctive characteristics and functions. Even among the Northern European States, it is possible to identify Swedish-Finnish and Danish-Norwegian sub-models of the Ombudsman, each with its own particular features. The Icelandic civic defender, ultimately, is different compared to other Nordic Ombudsmen because its relative discipline is legislative and not constitutional.