Make, buy, or both: the innovation sourcing strategy dilemma after M&A

This paper investigates the effects of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) on corporate research and development (R&D) strategies using firm-level data on the Spanish manufacturing sector. The focus of the study is to determine whether M&A affects R&D portfolios by increasing or decreasing innovation input, such as in-house R&D, external R&D or both. The results show that M&A has a negative and significant impact on R&D intensity, decreasing in-house R&D and external technological sourcing. M&A enables the rationalization of R&D capacity, implying a decrease in R&D efforts. M&A negatively affects both types of R&D, but, on average, the effect is more negative on external R&D.