With The Birth of the Tragedy (1872), Dionysus has burst onto the philosophical scene, and on the political one too. Since that time, he was almost always presented as the god of vital energy, who is able to approach all the opposites; Dionysian is seen as a force that dissolves the boundaries, and that continuously generates new hybrids. In all these versions, Dionysus is hailed as a liberator. On the contrary, this article intends to indicate the aporias of the Dionysian, in particular the chains – not easily visible – that imprison this concept. Euripides has been the first who revealed these limits. In The Bacchae, the power of the formless prevents the rise of complex identities. Each character is dragged to the lack of distinctions. The principle of metamorphosis seems to work according to a too fluid process. Therefore, we should rediscover the role of the Apollonian, even in Nietzsche’s work; and, above all, we should reconsider the necessity of the alliance between the two aesthetic deities. Only in the reciprocal link each of them becomes a crossing force.
Con la Nascita della tragedia di Nietzsche (1872), Dioniso ha fatto irruzione sulla scena filosofica e anche su quella politica. Da allora, è stato quasi sempre presentato come il dio dell’energia vitale, in grado di accedere a tutti gli opposti; il dionisiaco sarebbe una forza che dissolve i confini, e genera continuamente nuove ibridazioni. In tutte queste versioni, Dioniso viene esaltato come un liberatore. Quest’articolo si propone invece di indicare le aporie del dionisiaco, cioè le catene – non facilmente visibili – che lo imprigionano. Il primo a rivelarle è stato Euripide. Nelle Baccanti, la potenza dell’informe impedisce il sorgere di identità complesse. Ogni personaggio viene trascinato verso l’indistinzione. Il principio di metamorfosi funziona in maniera troppo fluida. Bisogna perciò riscoprire il ruolo dell’apollineo, anche nell’opera di Nietzsche: e soprattutto la necessità dell’alleanza tra le due divinità estetiche. Soltanto nel legame reciproco ciascuna di esse diventa una forza oltrepassante.
Liberatore e incatenato: le aporie di Dioniso (e del dionisiaco) da Euripide a Nietzsche
BOTTIROLI, Giovanni
2016-01-01
Abstract
With The Birth of the Tragedy (1872), Dionysus has burst onto the philosophical scene, and on the political one too. Since that time, he was almost always presented as the god of vital energy, who is able to approach all the opposites; Dionysian is seen as a force that dissolves the boundaries, and that continuously generates new hybrids. In all these versions, Dionysus is hailed as a liberator. On the contrary, this article intends to indicate the aporias of the Dionysian, in particular the chains – not easily visible – that imprison this concept. Euripides has been the first who revealed these limits. In The Bacchae, the power of the formless prevents the rise of complex identities. Each character is dragged to the lack of distinctions. The principle of metamorphosis seems to work according to a too fluid process. Therefore, we should rediscover the role of the Apollonian, even in Nietzsche’s work; and, above all, we should reconsider the necessity of the alliance between the two aesthetic deities. Only in the reciprocal link each of them becomes a crossing force.File | Dimensione del file | Formato | |
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