National unification could not rely on concrete historical bases, in Italy. As a result, the process was mainly driven by the adoption of a typical ideological “nation building” thrust, where language and literature played a decisive role. However, it was not the language spoken by the people, but rather an exclusively literary Esperanto. As a consequence, a National Literature that did not belong to Italians and that was linguistically alien was generated. The homologation process, established by this purely literary language, erased the polycentric wealth of the peninsular cultures, sterilizing them into an abstract monolingual convention. Dialect poetry, which has tried to keep alive the differences, was confined to the underworld of satire and to the lower levels of the literary system. Even the twentieth-century rehabilitation of dialect traditions, from Croce to Contini and Isella, somehow neutralized its eversive impact, reducing it to a mere linguistic and stylistic phenomenon The author's proposal is instead to retrieve the anthropological depth of dialect Literature, showing its ability to tell a different story of the country and its people.
In Italia l’unificazione nazionale non poteva contare su concrete basi storiche. Vi ha supplito l’adozione di una tipica strumentazione ideologica da nation building, fra cui la lingua e la letteratura hanno svolto un ruolo decisivo. Ma non si trattava della lingua parlata dalla gente, bensì di un codice esperantico esclusivamente letterario, che ha avuto come conseguenza che la letteratura italiana non fosse la letteratura degli italiani, rispetto ai quali risultava anche linguisticamente estranea. Il processo di omologazione posto in atto da questa lingua esclusivamente letteraria ha cancellato la ricchezza policentrica delle culture della penisola, omologandole a una norma monolinguistica astratta. La poesia in dialetto, che ha cercato di mantenere vive le differenze, è stata relegata negli inferi del comico e ai livelli bassi del sistema letterario. Anche la riabilitazione novecentesca delle tradizioni dialettali, da Croce a Contini e Isella, ne ha neutralizzato la carica eversiva, riducendole a puri fenomeni linguistici e stilistici. La proposta dell’autore è invece di recuperare gli spessori antropologici della letteratura in dialetto, mostrando come essa racconti una diversa storia del paese e delle sue genti.
(2017). La letteratura in dialetto. Geografia, antropologia e storia [journal article - articolo]. In HUMANITAS. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10446/98071
La letteratura in dialetto. Geografia, antropologia e storia
BREVINI, Franco
2017-01-01
Abstract
National unification could not rely on concrete historical bases, in Italy. As a result, the process was mainly driven by the adoption of a typical ideological “nation building” thrust, where language and literature played a decisive role. However, it was not the language spoken by the people, but rather an exclusively literary Esperanto. As a consequence, a National Literature that did not belong to Italians and that was linguistically alien was generated. The homologation process, established by this purely literary language, erased the polycentric wealth of the peninsular cultures, sterilizing them into an abstract monolingual convention. Dialect poetry, which has tried to keep alive the differences, was confined to the underworld of satire and to the lower levels of the literary system. Even the twentieth-century rehabilitation of dialect traditions, from Croce to Contini and Isella, somehow neutralized its eversive impact, reducing it to a mere linguistic and stylistic phenomenon The author's proposal is instead to retrieve the anthropological depth of dialect Literature, showing its ability to tell a different story of the country and its people.File | Dimensione del file | Formato | |
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