Addressing the teacher shortage crisis in Italy: among reforms, challenges and a case study

This article addresses the growing teacher shortage crisis in Italy, a multifaceted phenomenon exacerbated by structural, demographic, and institutional challenges. In response, Italy has introduced significant reforms under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR), notably the establishment of a 60-ECTS qualification pathway to streamline and enhance teacher education. Drawing on the case study of the University of Bergamo’s implementation of the 60-ECTS program, the article explores the structure, achievements, and initial outcomes of the reform. By situating the Italian experience within the broader European context, the analysis highlights common international trends emphasising the importance of well-structured practicum experiences, sustained mentorship development, and systemic professional support to address teacher shortages effectively. Italy’s reforms, while still in an early phase, offer promising directions but will require continuous evaluation, resource investment, and political commitment to achieve lasting impact.